ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF UKRAINE'S TRANSITION TO "GREEN" ENERGY IN THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW

Abstract

The study comprehensively analyzed the challenges and prospects for the development of renewable energy in Ukraine in wartime conditions. Not only are the transition's ecological and economic aspects considered, but martial law's impact on the energy infrastructure, investment climate, and state policy is also considered. The theoretical aspects of the transition to green energy in Ukraine are presented, revealing significant ecological, economic, and social advantages of renewable energy sources compared to traditional fossil fuels. Among the economic benefits of using renewable energy, the main ones are: creating new jobs and economic benefits for businesses, reducing costs for consumers, simplifying access to energy, reducing recovery costs and ethical investment. The paper analyzes the functional relationships in the legislative system in Ukraine regulating the transition to "green" energy, which forms the basis for the integration of renewable energy sources into the country's energy system. The authors reveal the state's comprehensive approach to addressing environmental, economic and social challenges. The critical scenarios and strategies of the post-war reconstruction of the energy sector with an emphasis on "green" technologies are defined. The paper presents the current state of brown energy in Ukraine and the potential of renewable energy sources. It also investigates the impact of the war on energy infrastructure. The analysis of changes in the structure of the use of renewable energy sources in Ukraine in heating and cooling systems, in the electric power sector and in the transport sector is carried out. The paper also substantiates that attracting international investments can ensure the implementation of new projects, and the development of innovative technologies can make the energy system more flexible and adaptive to changes in electricity demand. The challenges and prospects of the "green" transition and recommendations were developed to optimize the post-war transition from brown to green energy in Ukraine. The study also pays special attention to the implementation of training programs to raise public awareness of the importance of transition to green energy and to promote support for such initiatives.