ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN THREATS TO THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF FOOD INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES

Abstract

The article argues that the multifactorial threat environment for food industry enterprises in Ukraine is a set of internal and external factors that are interconnected and affect the stability of functioning, competitiveness, and economic security of enterprises in the industry. The article reveals raw material threats to the economic security of food industry enterprises: lack of quality raw materials due to reduced production in certain regions; dependence on seasonality of agricultural raw material supply; fluctuations in prices for grains, milk, meat, oilseeds and other crops; dependence on imports of individual components (additives, packaging, spices, enzymes); risks of crop failure due to climate change and military operations. Energy threats to the economic security of food industry enterprises have been identified: high energy consumption of technological processes; increased tariffs for electricity, gas and heat; outdated technologies that do not meet modern energy efficiency standards; power supply interruptions, especially in regions close to combat zones; insufficient use of alternative energy sources, rising energy tariffs. The financial and economic threats to food industry enterprises are summarized: inflationary pressure, which reduces the purchasing power of the population; rising interest rates and limited access to credit; exchange rate fluctuations, which affect the import component; increasing costs of logistics and fuel; risks of insolvency of counterparties and reduction of their purchasing power; reduction of efficiency of enterprises. It is argued that among other threats to the economic security of food industry enterprises, the following should be considered: increased competition (domination of large producers, increased imports, increased quality requirements); logistical problems (destruction of transport infrastructure, blocking of ports, increase in transportation costs); personnel (drainage of qualified personnel abroad, shortage of specialists in technical specialties); military actions (destruction of infrastructure, relocation of production, shortage of personnel, disruptions in logistics).